/* ===== HERO BANNER SECTION ===== */
.journal-hero {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 420px; /* adjust for taller image */
  background: url('https://www.ijernd.com/public/journals/1/homepageImage_en_US.jpg') 
              no-repeat center center/cover;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  z-index: 2;
}

.journal-hero-overlay {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45); /* dark transparent overlay */
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-direction: column;
  text-align: center;
  z-index: 3;
}

.journal-hero-text h1 {
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: 600;
  max-width: 950px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.journal-hero-text p {
  color: #f7b07b; /* soft orange to match IJERND logo */
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
}

body > header.navbar {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
  width: 100%;
  background-color: #2c2c2c;
}
body > header.navbar .navbar-inner {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 10px 20px;
}
body > header.navbar .navbar-inner .brand {
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #f7b07b;
  text-decoration: none;
}
body > header.navbar .navbar-inner .nav {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
}
body > header.navbar .navbar-inner .nav li {
  margin-left: 20px;
}
body > header.navbar .navbar-inner .nav li a {
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 16px;
}
body > header.navbar .navbar-inner .nav li a:hover {
  color: #f7b07b;
}